Diversity in Clinical Spectrum and Outcomes of COVID-19 in Diabetic vs Non-Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Comparative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46568/bios.v7i1.236Keywords:
COVID-19, Coronavirus, Diabetes mellitusAbstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has caused substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 has had a particularly catastrophic impact on individuals with pre-existing health conditions, especially diabetes mellitus. The objective of the study was to provide an overview of the clinical spectrum and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in both diabetic and non-diabetic admitted patients. It was a retrospective, observational study done over the period of ten months from April 2020 to January 2021 in a private hospital of Karachi. The study enrolled 348 COVID-19-admitted patients, which comprised 212 diabetic patients and 136 non-diabetic patients. After completing bio-data, we gathered clinical characteristics of this viral illness, and then observed how their laboratory parameters were affected and finally, the consequences of the altered biochemical parameters were observed in both the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Most of the admitted patients of COVID-19 were diabetic and had comorbidities. Mostly, COVID-19 admitted patients had diabetes (60.9%), this segment of patients also had hypertension (66.9%), cardiovascular disturbances (47.6%) and chronic kidney disease (17.4%), in clinical features, and cough was found commonly in non-diabetic. On laboratory parameters, HbA1c, hemoglobin, leukocyte count, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and pro-BNP had significant p-value 0.05 or less. As far as disease treatment is concerned, the need for dialysis for diabetic patients was found to be significantly higher (10.5%), while other treatment needs were found to be statistically insignificant. Statistics pertaining to outcomes of disease in diabetics versus non-diabetics were also not found statistically significant.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Nousheen Riaz, Dr. Muhammad Yaqoob Ahmadani, Mrs. Shaheen Asif
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